Okeugo Obinna Toochukwu
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Babcock University, NigeriaPublications
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Research
Author(s): Meribole Somtochukwu Emmanuel*, Ogbuiyi-Chima ifeanyichukwu, Olayinka Temiloluwa Oluwatimilehin, Okpanachi Patrick Adejoh, Ogunsanya Tolulope Oreoluwa, Oyadeyi Fola-Emmanuel Oluwaferanmi, Olajide Olajiire Onikoyi, Okeugo Obinna Toochukwu, Gayus Emmanuel Chidawa, Madukoma Goodfortune Chinweotito, Anwanane Edidiong Bassey, Onyejiaka Chidera Winnie, Adabiri Joshua Oluwatobi, Jephter Solomon Obinna, Uduji-Obidiagha Chukwudumebi Sandra and Shobule Halimah Adedolapo
Testosterone deficiency encompasses clinically low serum testosterone levels accompanied by signs and symptoms. This testosterone decline is expected in older men and begins in middle age (40 to 64 years) and is commonly treated through Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT). This review aims to look at the mechanisms of TRT, physiological and societal motivations to seek TRT, ethical and medical considerations behind its use, and future research directions. From the review of numerous papers looking at testosterone therapy in middle-aged men, various mechanisms for the delivery of testosterone were isolated, each with sufficient risks and benefits. Of all the mechanisms looked at, buccal testosterone and implants had more benefits than others in patient adherence and normal circadian variations in serum testosterone, unlike Intramuscular testosterone. Both physiological and societal .. Read More»