Potential Antioxidant Effect of Systemic Melatonin Therapy on Obese Periodontitis Patient
Author(s): Hussam Sami Ismail* and Maha SH Mahmood
Abstract
Background: Periodontitis and obesity are two common chronic inflammatory diseases leading to increased systemic inflammation, metabolic dysregulation and dyslipidemia, It has been reported that obesity may be associated to periodontitis through the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).To address this aspect, the adjunctive use of melatonin as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory medication in order to improve periodontal condition associated with obesity.
Aim of the study: To evaluate the effectiveness of adjunctive systemic administration of melatonin therapy to mechanical non- surgical periodontal therapy in periodontitis patients associated with obesity.
Material and methods: Eighty subjects included in the study were divided into the following groups:
Group I: 20 subjects with healthy periodontium and normal weight (controls), this group exposed for estimation of clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI)) and total antioxidant capacity (TAO-C) at base line visit only.
Group II: 30 latest sleep obese patients suffering from advanced periodontitis treated with non-surgical scaling and root planning only (SRP).
Group III: 30 latest sleep obese patients suffering from advanced periodontitis treated with SRP and supplemented with 5mg melatonin tablet (NOW-USA).
The latest two groups exposed for estimation of clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, GI, bleeding on probing (BOP)) and TAO-C at base line and after one month recall visit.
Results: There were highly significant difference in base line visit between control and study groups in both clinical periodontal parameters and TAO-C, regarding the second visit, PLI, GI, BOP score 1 significantly decreased in both groups, while BOP score 0 and TAO-C showed increasing after treatment, with greater effect size and more variability in with melatonin group than that without melatonin group. There were only weak significant correlation found between BOP score 1 and TAO-C.
Conclusion: Daily supplementation with 5mg melatonin therapy as adjunct to SRP significantly improved clinical periodontal parameters and increased total antioxidant capacity by exerting its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.