Local Evaluation of Chitosan and B-Tricalcium Phosphate Alone and Combination in Bone Defect of Rabbit by Histological and Histomorphometric Analysis
Author(s): Zainab AJ AL-Mashhadi* and Nada MH AL-Ghaban
Abstract
Background: Repair of bone tissue is a complex multistep process including proliferation, migration, activation, and differentiation of many type of cells, guided toward the mineralization and remodelling of the defect site. Chitosan and beta-tricalcium phosphate may help to increase the bone minerals contents, mechanical strength and density of bone.
Objectives: The aim of this research was to evaluate the process of bone regeneration in rabbits after surgical osteotomy by using chitosan and beta-tricalcium phosphate separately or in combination of chitosan/beta-tricalcium phosphate.
Materials and Methods: A total of 32 New Zealand rabbits with average weight of 1.5-2 kg were used in this study. Animals were randomly divided into four groups (8 rabbits for each). Intrabony defect of about 3 mm width and 3 mm depth were performed in both right and left femur for each rabbits. Group (CONT) control group was not receive any treatment and leaving it spontaneously healed, group (CH) was received chitosan materials, while group (TCP) was received β-TCP materials and group (CHCT) was received combination of β-TCP and chitosan in bony defect. The animals were sacrificed in two healing intervals 2, and 4 weeks (16 rabbits for each healing).
Processing and sectioning technique performed on all bone specimens for histological and histomorphometric analysis. Histological evaluation were performed by section stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E) and histomorphometric analysis for assessment of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, trabecular number, trabecular width and bone marrow space area by Image J. software.
Keywords: Chitosan, β-tricalcium phosphate, Bone healing