FINDINGS IN PATIENTS OF PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES ACCORDING TO WET MOUNT SMEAR AND 10% KOH APPLICATION
Author(s): Uzma Eram* and Najam Khalique
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis and trichomoniasis are responsible for about 90% of the cases of infectious origin and have been linked to premature labour, preterm delivery, low birth weight, increase prenatal mortality as well as predisposing them to HIV/AIDs and cervical cancer. Gardenella vaginalis usually presents with no symptoms but could be accompanied by vaginal irritation, vaginal discharges and fish-like odour. Candida albicans is the most commonly implicated fungi infection of the vagina and vulva characterized by severe itching, burning sensation, soreness, irritation and whitish grey cottage cheese-like discharge often with a curd-like appearance. Keeping in view the above fact and remembering that pelvic inflammatory disease is one that is wholly preventable, the following study was undertaken with the following aim and objective to determine the causative organism of PID in study population. The present cross-sectional study was conducted in J.N. Medical College and Hospital (J.N.M.C.H.), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. The patients were selected from the Gynaecological OPDs. The study was carried out for a period of one year, from 1st August 2001 to 31st July 2002. The present study was carried out among ever married females in the reproductive age group of 15 to 49 years. A total of 350 ever married females were selected from the Gynaecology OPD of J.N. Medical College Hospital (n=170),Urban Health Training Centre (n=100) and Rural Health Training Centre (n=80).A detailed clinical history and clinical examination were recorded on a pre-formed and pre tested proforma .All the females under study were subjected to per vaginal examination.The cervical discharge was collected by cotton swab microbiological investigations. Cotton swab was introduced for collection of discharge on two slides for wet mount smear method (for isolation of protozoa) and 10% KOH application test (for isolation of Candida albicans) with the help of microscope. Microscopy indicated yeast like forms after staining of exudates with 10% KOH. These were done in the respective labs of gyn. OPDs. Wet Mount Smear was prepared by staining the smear on the slide by normal saline and putting a coverslip on it. Motile organisms were seen in wet mount. It was done for Trichomonas vaginalis and Gardenella vaginalis. The wet mount positivity for Trichomonas vaginalis comes out to be 7.4%. The positivity for fungal infection on 10%KOH application was found to be in 12.6% cases.