Clinical and Histomorphomertic Evaluation of Effects of Platelet-poor Plasma and Platelet-rich Plasma on Healing of Extraction Sockets with Buccal Dehiscence: An Experimental Study in Dogs
Author(s): Alaa Abbas Mahdi*, Sahar Shakir Al-Adili and Zahid Ismael Mohammed
Abstract
Background: Considerable alveolar bone loss occurs follows tooth extraction, this bone resorption can compromise dental implant procedure, for this reason, the concept of socket preservation techniques was introduced, in which different materials placed into the extraction socket immediately after extraction to minimize alveolar bone loss.
Aim of study: To evaluate the effects of autologous platelets poor plasma (PPP) and autologous platelets rich plasma (PRP) on the preservation of alveolar width in extraction socket with buccal dehiscence, and to evaluate the effect of PPP and PRP on the amount of new bone formation in extraction site after one and two months' duration.
Material and method: Six adult pointer dogs were selected for this study. The alveolar width was measured before extraction at a point 3 mm below the top of alveolar crest, after flap reflection 3 mm buccal dehiscence was created with trephine bur. Then the mandibular third premolar was extracted bilaterally. The extraction sites were randomly assigned to three groups: Platelets poor plasma, platelets rich plasma and control. The experiment was designed to permit the examination of the extraction site after one and two months. Then we measure the alveolar width reduction after one and two months and the amount of new bone formed in the extraction socket was measured histomorphometrically.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in mean of alveolar width resorption between the three groups after one and two months, while the mean value of the amount of new bone formed in extraction socket was significantly higher in platelets rich plasma group after one month but not after two months. Platelets poor plasma has no statistically significant effects on bone formation in the extraction socket.
Conclusion: This study showed that platelets rich plasma increases the amount of new bone formation in the extraction socket after one month but it failed to have long term effects after two months. Platelets poor plasma has no statistically significant effect on the amount of new bone formation in the extraction socket after one and two months. Regarding the horizontal bone loss, it was not a statistically significant difference between all groups.