A Correlation between ABO and Rh Blood Groups with Clinical Characteristics in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 19
Author(s): Pratik Panda*, Jijnasha Mishra, Abhishek Joshi and Ashok Mehendale
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 19) outbreak has transmitted rapidly which then has resulted in several waves globally, and up to now existence of the virus has been documented in 222 nations and is responsible for over 0.43 million of death. There has been significant variation in case fatality ratio of corona virus disease across different geographical regions which suggest that the susceptibility of each individual towards course the disease is different. The heterogeneity in the symptomatology of corona virus disease suggests the presence of several intrinsic factors such as age, sex, genetic makeup, socio-economic status comorbidities etc. Which play role in deciding risk and severity of COVID-19 infection? One of such non-modifiable factors is individuals’ blood group. Various studies done in the past represent the susceptibility resistance pattern of infective and non-infective diseases with the blood group frequency.
A retrospective analysis was employed to establish a correlation between disease severities with the blood group frequency. Prevalence of infection was found to be relatively higher in case of blood type-A subjects as compared to non-blood type-A. The intubation risk was decreased for blood type-A than non-blood type-A and Rh-positive individuals enjoyed slight protection from COVID-19 infection. The Outcomes of our study may help in prediction of prognosis, effective management and planning of treatment for the COVID-19 infected individuals.
Data sources: An extensive search strategy was adopted in which we have assembled 20 articles in our current report; we conducted a substantial search on various articles in the Indian public to determine the significance of blood types when it comes to susceptibility and mortality of an individual in corona virus disease 19 infection.
Materials and methods: In our present study, data on disease status of coronavirus disease 19 pertaining to morbidity and mortality were collected from the website of Government of India and WHO. The state wise prevalence of coronavirus disease 19 and the associated blood group frequency was obtained adopting various journals published on PubMed and Google scholar. Several documents were shortlisted and relevant information were cited and analysed.